Which structure is NOT ligated and divided during a cholecystectomy?

During a cholecystectomy, the primary goal is to safely remove the gallbladder, which involves ligating and dividing specific structures connected to it. The cystic duct and cystic artery are essential structures that are ligated and divided to prevent any bile leakage and to ensure adequate blood supply is cut off to the gallbladder during its removal.

The cystic vein, although not as commonly referenced as the cystic artery or duct, may also be considered a structure that can be ligated, depending on the surgical technique employed. However, the hepatic duct is integral to the biliary system's function and is the main channel through which bile travels from the liver. It is not ligated or divided during this procedure, as doing so could lead to significant complications such as bile duct injury or a disruption of bile flow.

Thus, the hepatic duct remains intact to maintain normal biliary function post-surgery, making it the structure that is not ligated and divided during a cholecystectomy. Understanding the anatomy and the critical nature of these structures is essential for preventing postoperative complications and ensuring successful surgical outcomes.