Which type of cast is specifically designed to immobilize the hip joint?

A spica cast is specifically designed to immobilize the hip joint, as it wraps around the trunk and includes one or both legs, depending on the specific injury. This type of cast is particularly useful for fractures of the femur or hip, as it provides the necessary stabilization to allow healing, preventing movement that could hinder recovery.

The spica cast effectively limits motion at the hip joint, ensuring that the surrounding tissues remain undisturbed during the healing process. Its design not only immobilizes the affected area but also supports the patient's overall posture and alignment to aid in rehabilitation.

In contrast, other types of casts serve different functions; for example, a long limb cast may immobilize the leg from the toes to above the knee but does not specifically address immobilization of the hip joint. A body cast encompasses the torso and may restrict movement of the trunk and lower extremities but is not specifically targeted for the hip area. A relative cast is less commonly referenced and typically involves casting techniques used in a more general or adjustable context, rather than focusing on a specific joint or injury like a spica cast does.